•  
  •  
 

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Keywords

Chinese path to modernization; ecological civilization; sustainability development; harmony between humanity and nature; green development; ecological protection

Document Type

Strategy & Policy Decision Research

Abstract

The Chinese path to modernization is characterized by emphasizing the harmony between humanity and nature. It upholds the principles of respecting, obeying, and protecting nature to achieve a coordinated integration of economic development and ecological conservation. This ecological view stems from China’s modernization practices, aligns with universal principles of modernization, and roots in features that are unique to China. It stresses a correct understanding of the human–nature relationship, the importance of systematic ecological planning and the central role of ecosystems in ecological conservation, and the necessity of following the laws of nature. Drawing on the experiences and lessons from Western developed countries, this ecological view provides a balanced and adaptive framework for reconciling development and conservation. Under this ecological view, China has achieved remarkable progress in many aspects of ecological governance such as aquatic environment management, air quality improvement, and vegetation restoration. These achievements not only demonstrate a viable path toward harmonizing economic development and ecological civilization, but also offer China’s insights and solutions to global ecological governance.

First page

1727

Last Page

1735

Language

Chinese

Publisher

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

References

1. 习近平. 中国式现代化是强国建设、民族复兴的康庄大道. 求是, 2023, (16): 4-8. Xi J P. Chinese modernization is a sure path to building a great country and rejuvenating the nation. Qiushi, 2023, (16): 4-8. (in Chinese)

2. 包双叶. 社会转型、时空压缩与生态文明建设. 华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）, 2014, 46(4): 63-68. Bao S Y. Social transformation, time-space compression and the construction of ecological civilization. Journal of East China Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences), 2014, 46(4): 63-68. (in Chinese)

3. 张小曳, 孙俊英, 王亚强, 等. 我国雾-霾成因及其治理的思考. 科学通报, 2013, 58(13): 1178-1187. Zhang X Y, Sun J Y, Wang Y Q, et al. Factors contributing to haze and fog in China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2013, 58(13): 1178-1187. (in Chinese)

4. 魏巍贤, 马喜立. 能源结构调整与雾霾治理的最优政策选择. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2015, 25(7): 6-14. Wei W X, Ma X L. Optimal policy for energy structure adjustment and haze governance in China. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2015, 25(7): 6-14. (in Chinese)

5. 方精云. 构建新时代生态学学科体系. 人民日报, 2021-04-27(08). Fang J Y. Re-constructing the disciplinary system of ecology in a new age. People’s Daily, 2021-04-27(08). (in Chinese)

6. 中国科学院学部. 应对环境危机 保障国民健康与生存. 中国科学院院刊, 2009, 24(1): 70-73. Academic Divisions of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Responding to environmental crises to safeguard national health and survival. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2009, 24(1): 70-73. (in Chinese)

7. 王文兴, 柴发合, 任阵海, 等. 新中国成立70年来我国大气污染防治历程、成就与经验. 环境科学研究, 2019, 32(10): 1621-1635. Wang W X, Chai F H, Ren Z H, et al. Process, achievements and experience of air pollution control in China since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019, 32(10): 1621-1635. (in Chinese)

8. 张莹, 高荣, 巢清尘. 中国雾霾趋势分析及治理对策// 王伟光, 郑国光. 气候变化绿皮书：应对气候变化报告 (2013). 北京: 社会科学文献出版社, 2013: 241-255. Zhang Y, Gao R, Chao Q C. Analysis of the trends and control strategies of haze pollution in China// Wang W G, Zheng G G, eds. Annual Report on Actions to Address Climate Change (2013). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press (China), 2013: 241-255. (in Chinese)

9. 吴季松. 全国节约用水办公室. 全国节水规划纲要及其研究. 南京: 河海大学出版社, 2003. Wu J S, ed. National Water-saving Office. National Water-saving Planning Outline and Its Research. Nanjing: Hohai University Press, 2003. (in Chinese)

10. 曲格平. 防治水污染与现代化建设// 国家环境保护局, 中央人民广播电台科技组. 警惕水污染. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1985: 1-5. Qu G P. Water pollution prevention and modernization development// State Environmental Protection Administration, Science and Technology Section of China National Radio, eds. Be Vigilant Against Water Pollution. Beijing: Ocean Press, 1985: 1-5. (in Chinese)

11. 国家环境保护总局. 1998年中国环境状况公报. 环境保护, 1999, (7): 3-9. State Environmental Protection Administration. China Environmental State Bulletin 1998. Environmental Protection, 1999, (7): 3-9. (in Chinese)

12. 梁存柱, 祝廷成, 王德利, 等. 21世纪初我国草地生态学研究展望. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(6): 743-746. Liang C Z, Zhu T C, Wang D L, et al. Perspectives in researches on grassland ecology for the early 21st century in China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13: 743-746. (in Chinese)

13. Fan S Y, Zhou L H. Desertification control in China: Possible solutions. Ambio, 2001, 30(6): 384-385.

14. Phillips J D. Earth Surface Systems: Complexity, Order and Scale. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999.

15. Wilkinson D M. Fundamental Processes in Ecology: An Earth Systems Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

16. Steffen W, Rockström J, Richardson K, et al. Trajectories of the Earth System in the Anthropocene. PNAS, 2018, 115(33): 8252-8259.

17. Folke C, Polasky S, Rockström J, et al. Our future in the Anthropocene biosphere. Ambio, 2021(4), 50: 834-869.

18. Folke C, Jansson Å, Rockström J, et al. Reconnecting to the biosphere. Ambio, 2011, 40(7): 719-738.

19. Mace G M. Whose conservation?. Science, 2014, 345: 1558-1560.

20. Solé R, Levin S. Ecological complexity and the biosphere: The next 30 years. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences, 2022, 377: 20210376.

21. Lenton T M, Latour B. Gaia 2.0. Science, 2018, 361: 1066-1068.

22. Richardson K, Steffen W, Lucht W, et al. Earth beyond six of nine planetary boundaries. Science Advances, 2023, 9(37): eadh2458.

23. Rockström J, Beringer T, Hole D, et al. Opinion: We need biosphere stewardship that protects carbon sinks and builds resilience. PNAS, 2021, 118(38): e2115218118.

24. Levin S A. Ecosystems and the biosphere as complex adaptive systems. Ecosystems, 1998, 1(5): 431-436.

25. Scheffer M, Carpenter S, Foley J A, et al. Catastrophic shifts in ecosystems. Nature, 2001, 413: 591-596.

26. 方精云, 朱江玲, 吉成均, 等. 从生态学观点看生态文明建设. 中国科学院院刊, 2013, 28(2): 182-188. Fang J Y, Zhu J L, Ji C J, et al. Ecological perspectives on ecological civilization construction. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2013, 28(2): 182-188. (in Chinese)

27. Allen C R, Cumming G S, Garmestani A S, et al. Managing for resilience. Wildlife Biology, 2011, 17(4): 337-349.

28. 朱江玲. 生态文明的科学意蕴与实践指向. 群言, 2020, (9): 22-24. Zhu J L. The scientific connotations and practical directions of ecological civilization. Popular Tribune, 2020, (9): 22-24. (in Chinese)

29. Goodstein E. The economic roots of environmental decline: Property rights or path dependence?. Journal of Economic Issues, 1995, 29(4): 1029-1043.

30. 沈玉龙, 杨笑春, 刘立华. 汽油无铅化的历史考察与反思. 自然辩证法通讯, 2019, 41(2): 56-63. Shen Y L, Yang X C, Liu L H. A historical investigation and reflection on the removal of lead from gasoline. Journal of Dialectics of Nature, 2019, 41(2): 56-63. (in Chinese)

31. 刘会彬, 麻均昌, 陈晓光, 等. 经济高质量发展背景下煤炭行业智慧化转型的机遇与挑战. 煤炭经济研究, 2024, 44(12): 92-99. Liu H B, Ma J C, Chen X G, et al. Opportunities and challenges for the intelligent transformation of the coal industry in the context of high-quality economic development. Coal Economic Research, 2024, 44(12): 92-99. (in Chinese)

32. 刘华军, 吴倩敏. 新时代十年中国绿色发展之路. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2024, 34(3): 102-111. Liu H J, Wu Q M. China’s path to green development in the decade of the new era. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2024, 34(3): 102-111. (in Chinese)

33. 寇江泽. 持续推动大气环境质量改善. 人民日报, 2023-03-29(14). Kou J Z. Continuously Promoting the Improvement of Air Quality. People’s Daily, 2023-03-29(14). (in Chinese)

34. Fang J Y, Shi Y, Zhao X, et al. Greener in China. Aspenia, 2020, 89-90: 203-210.

35. Chen C, Park T, Wang X H, et al. China and India lead in greening of the world through land-use management. Nature Sustainability, 2019, 2: 122-129.

Download
Request a Copy

Share

COinS