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Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Keywords

carbon neutrality technological innovation policy international experience fiscal and tax incentives

Document Type

S&T Supporting Realization of Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Goals - Strategic Research on Science and Technology

Abstract

This study focuses on the strategies, targets and policy measures for carbon neutrality in global major economies. The research shows that due to the different socio-economic and political foundations, the transition strategy towards carbon neutrality in major economies is also varied, which can be divided into four categories:leading strategy, growth strategy, following strategy, and swing strategy. Most of them build carbon neutrality target system with the framework of "target roadmap+targets in key areas", but leading countries usually integrate targets into legislation and thus the objective is legally binding, while others tend to weaken emission reduction targets and focus on the development goals of emerging industries. The main reason is that the existing technologies fail to support the realization of carbon neutrality. Most economies attach importance to S&T innovation for carbon neutrality with the purpose of increasing industrial competitiveness. But the pursuit of "local manufacturing" in Europe and America may not be conducive to reducing the cost of new technologies. In terms of market incentives, carbon emission trading market is widely used, but the carbon pricing mechanism still needs to be further optimized. This study has important enlightenment significance for China to improve carbon neutrality policy.

First page

479

Last Page

489

Language

Chinese

Publisher

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

References

1 中国科学院可持续发展战略研究组. 2020中国可持续发展 报告:中国特色的碳中和道路. 北京:科学出版社, 2021. China Sustainable Development Report 2020:Exploring Pathways towards Carbon Neutrality. Beijing:Scicence Press, 2021. (in Chinese) 2 张雅欣, 罗荟霖, 王灿. 碳中和行动的国际趋势分析. 气候 变化研究进展, 2021, 17 (1):88-97. Zhang Y X, Luo H L, Wang C. Progress and trends of global carbon neutrality pledges. Climate Change Research, 2021, 17(1):88-97. (in Chinese) 3 王涵宇, 吴思萱, 张扬清, 等. 德国推进碳中和的路径及对 中国的启示. 可持续发展经济导刊, 2021, (3):27-30. Wang H Y, Wu S X, Zhang Y Q, et al. The path of carbon neutral in Germany and its enlightenment to China. China Sustainability Tribune. 2021, (3):27-30. (in Chinese) 4 杜群, 李子擎. 国外碳中和的法律政策和实施行动. 中国环 境报, 2021-04-16(06). Du Q, Li Z Q. Legal policies and implementation actions of carbon neutrality abroad. China Environment News, 2021-04- 16(06). (in Chinese) 5 董利苹, 曾静静, 曲建升, 等. 欧盟碳中和政策体系评述及 启示. 中国科学院院刊, 2021, 36(12):1463-1470. Dong L P, Zeng J J, Qu J S, et al. Review of EU's carbon neutral policy system and its enlightenment. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2021, (12):1463-1470. (in Chinese) 6 葛文博. 法国积极发展氢能源. 人民日报, 2020-10-09(16). Ge W B. France actively develops hydrogen energy. People's Daily, 2020-10-09(16). (in Chinese) 7 刘斌, 赵飞. 欧盟碳边境调节机制对中国出口的影响与对 策建议. 清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2021, 36(6):185-194. Liu B, Zhao F. The Impact of EU carbon tariff policy on China's export and suggestions for China. Journal of Tsinghua University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2021, 36(6):185-194. (in Chinese)

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