Evolution of American Technology Policy

Authors

FAN Chunliang, Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Keywords

American technology policy; Advance Technology Program (ATP); Technology Innovation Program (TIP); National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI); Endless Frontier Act

Document Type

Article

Abstract

This paper examines the evolution process of American technology policy since the Second World War, clarifies the dynamics, goals, and characteristics of the development of technology policy at each stage, and shows that the American technology policy in the cold War period is implied in the science policy, and then clearly put forward the special technology policy after the cold War, and then the technology policy has been developed well. This paper summarizes the determinants of American technology policy development as domestic factors, international environment, and characteristics of science and technology, and analyzes the future of American technology policy development.

First page

1008

Last Page

1017

Language

Chinese

Publisher

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

References

V.布什.科学——无止境的前沿.范岱年, 译.北京: 商务印书馆, 2004.

樊春良.战后美国科学政策的形成.科学文化评论, 2006, 3(3): 38-72.

Kevles D. Principles and politics in federal R&D Policy, 1945- 1990: An appreciation of the Bush Report. Preface// NSF 908 1990 Reprint of Vannevar Bush Science The Endless Frountier. Washinngton DC: NSF, 1990: ix-xxxii

Smith B. American Science Policy Since World War Ⅱ. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution, 1990.

Rosenberg N, Nelson, R R. American universities and technical advance in industry. Research Policy, 1994, 23(3): 323-348.

Wolfe A J. Competing with the Soviets: Science, Technology and the State in Cold War America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2013.

Apollo L R. APOLLO: A Retrospective Analysis// Office of External Relations, NASA History Office. Monographs in Aerospace History Number 3. NASA SP-2004-4503. Washington: NASA Headquarters, 2004

Branscomb L M. The national technology policy debate// Branscomb L M, Ed. Empowering Technology: Implementing a U.S. Strategy. Cambridge and London: The MIT Press, 1993.

Seitz K.争夺世界技术经济霸权之战.张履棠, 译.北京: 中国铁道出版社, 1998.

Hill C T. The advanced technology program: Opportunities for enhancement// Branscomb L M, Keller J K. Investing in Innovation—Creating a Research and Innovation Policy that works. Cambridge and London: The MIT Press, 1998.

靳晓明.白宫科技政策办公室发表美国技术政策声明.国际科技交流, 1991, 6(5): 1-2.

Bromley D A. The President's Scientists: Reminiscences of a White House Science Advisor. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.

Wessner C W. The advanced technology program: It works. Issues in Science and Technology, 2001, 18(1): 59.

Alic J A.美国21世纪科技政策.华宏勋, 译.北京: 国防工业出版社, 1999.

Clinton W J, Gore A Jr. Technology for America's Economic Growth, a New Direction To Build Economic Strength.[2020- 07-10]. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED355929.

Malhotra Y, Al-Shehri A, Jones J J. National Information Infrastructure: Myths, Metaphors And Realities, 1995.[2020- 07-10]. http://www.brint.com/papers/nii/.

Schacht W H. The Advanced Technology Program, CRS Report 95-36.[2020-07-10]. https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/95-36SPR.html.

韩元建, 陈强.美国政府支持共性技术研发的政策演进及启示——理论、制度和实践的不同视角.中国软科学, 2015, (5): 160-172.

America Competes Act.[2020-07-10]. https://www.congress.gov/110/plaws/publ69/PLAW-110publ69.pdf.

Schacht W H. The Technology Innovation Program, CRS Report RS22815.[2020-07-10]. https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20111208_RS22815_39e016d8a802453a38ae31f0c95dfa6d3b6fa7f7.pdf..

NSTC. NNI supplement to the president's 2020 budget.[2020- 07-10]. https://www.nano.gov/2020budgetsupplement.

NSTC. The National Nanotechnology Initiative Strategic Plan December 2004.[2004-12-07]. https://www.nano.gov/2004-Strategic-Plan.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. A quadrennial review of the national nanotechnology initiative: nanoscience, applications, and commercialization. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2020: 2, 11, 56.

Task Force on American Innovation. Second Place America? Increasing challenges to U.S.scienfitic leadship: 2019 Benchmarks.[2019-05-07]. http://www.innovationtaskforce.org/benchmarks2019/.

The Endless Frontier Act.[2020-07-10]. https://www.democrats.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Summary%2005.26.2020.pdf.

Mervis J. Bill would supersize NSF's budget—and role. Science, 2020: 368: 1045.

Recommended Citation

Chunliang, FAN (2020) "Evolution of American Technology Policy," Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version): Vol. 35 : Iss. 8 , Article 8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200731002
Available at: https://bulletinofcas.researchcommons.org/journal/vol35/iss8/8