Cryosphere Ecosystems: Outpost and Barrier in Global Change

Authors

WANG Genxu, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
YANG Yan, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
ZHANG Guangtao, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
CHANG Ruiying, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China

Keywords

cryosphere ecosystems; structure and pattern; carbon stock; biodiversity; effects; regulation

Document Type

Article

Abstract

The closely reciprocal feedback between cryosphere and biosphere has constantly been intensified by global change, which strongly affects global management for environment and sustainable development of human-being. From the perspective of basic pattern and function of cryosphere ecosystems, and their response process and adaptive strategy to changing environment, we fully specified distribution patterns of cryosphere ecosystems and how it functioned for earth ecosystems and contributed to human well-being, briefly stated how it is most sensitive, thereby as an indicator to climate change, also pointed out cryosphere ecosystems as barrier function for maintaining biodiversity and increasing productivity, and finally put forward an effective way to facilitate ecosystems health in cryosphere. Totally, the common contents and corresponding study processes in cryosphere ecology were better to be introduced, even essential prospective of cryosphere ecology was included in this paper.

First page

425

Last Page

433

Language

Chinese

Publisher

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

References

秦大河, 姚檀栋, 丁永建, 等.冰冻圈科学概论.北京:科学出版社, 2017.

CAFE. Arctic Biodiversity Assessment: Status and Trends in Arctic Biodiversity. Stell: Arctic Council, 2013.

Schmidt N M, Kristensen D K, Michelsen A, et al. High arctic plant community responses to a decade of ambient warming. Biodiversity, 2012, 13:191-199.

Wang G X, Li Y S, Wu Q B, et al. Impacts of permafrost changes on alpine ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Science in China Series D-Earth Sciences, 2006, 49(11):1156-1169.

Callaghan T V, Chernov Y, Chapin T, et al. Biodiversity, distributions and adaptations of arctic species in the context of environmental change. Ambio, 2004, 33(7):404-417.

Maccario L, Sanguino L, Vogel T M, et al. Snow and ice ecosystems:Not so extreme. Research in Microbiology, 2015, 166(10):782-795.

秦大河, 姚檀栋, 丁永建, 等.中国学科发展战略·冰冻圈科学.北京:科学出版社, 2018.

Niittynen P, Heikkinen R K, Luoto M. Snow cover is a neglected driver of Arctic biodiversity loss. Nature Climate Change, 2018, 8(11):997-1001.

王根绪, 宜树华.冰冻圈变化的生态过程与碳循环影响.北京:科学出版社, 2019.

Tarnocai C, Canadel J G, Schuur E A G, et al. Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2009, 23:GB2023.

Hudson J M G, Henry G H R. Increased plant biomass in a High Arctic heath community from 1981 to 2008. Ecology, 2009, 90(10):2657-2663.

Melnikov I A. Recent sea ice ecosystem in the Arctic Ocean: A review//Nihoul J C J, Kostianoy A G, eds. Influence of Climate Change on the Changing Arctic and Sub-Arctic Conditions. Berlin: Springer Netherlands, 2009: 57-71.

Laidre K L, Stirling I, Lowry L F, et al. Quantifying the sensitivity of arctic marine mammals to climate-induced habitat change. Ecological Applications, 2008, 18(2):S97-S125.

Alexander J M, Kueffer C, Daehler C C, et al. Assembly of nonnative floras along elevational gradients explained by directional ecological filtering. PNAS, 2011, 108(2):656-661.

Gottfried M, Pauli H, Futschik A, et al. Continent-wide response of mountain vegetation to climate change. Nature Climate Change, 2012, 2(2):111-115.

Boertmann D, Nielsen R D. Geese, Seabirds and Mammals in North and Northeast Greenland: Aerial Surveys in Summer 2009. NERI Technical Report No.773. Greenland: National Environmental Research Institute, 2010.

Schuur E A G, Mcguire A D, Schädel C, et al. Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback. Nature, 2015, 520(7546):171-179.

Natali S M, Watts J D, Rogers B M, et al. Large loss of CO ₂ in winter observed across the northern permafrost region. Nature Climate Change, 2019, 9(11):852-857.

Song C L, Wang G X, Mao T X, et al. Spatiotemporal variability and sources of DIC in permafrost catchments of the Yangtze River Source Region:Insights from Stable Carbon Isotope and Water Chemistry. Water Resources Research, 2020, 55:e2019WR025343.

Wild B, Andersson A, Bröder L, et al. Rivers across the Siberian Arctic unearth the patterns of carbon release from thawing permafrost. PNAS, 2019, 116(21):10280-10285.

Cai W J, Chen L Q, Chen B S, et al. Decrease in the CO ₂ uptake capacity in an ice-free arctic ocean basin. Science, 2010, 329(5991):556-559.

Kitti H, Forbes B C, Oksanen J. Long- and short-term effects of reindeer grazing on tundra wetland vegetation. Polar Biology, 2009, 32(2):253-261.

Eldridge D J, Bowker M A, Maestre F T, et al. Impacts of shrub encroachment on ecosystem structure and functioning:Towards a global synthesis. Ecology Letters, 2011, 14(7):709-722.

Wang G X, Liu G S, Li C J, et al. The variability of soil thermal and hydrological dynamics with vegetation cover in a permafrost region. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2012, 162:44-57.

Recommended Citation

Genxu, WANG; Yan, YANG; Guangtao, ZHANG; and Ruiying, CHANG (2020) "Cryosphere Ecosystems: Outpost and Barrier in Global Change," Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version): Vol. 35 : Iss. 4 , Article 4.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200401002
Available at: https://bulletinofcas.researchcommons.org/journal/vol35/iss4/4