•  
  •  
 

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Keywords

planning; science; technology; the 12-Year Program

Document Type

Article

Abstract

In 1956, Chinese State Council launched the "Long-term Program for Developping Sciences and Technology from 1956 to 1967" according to the goals identified in the Communist Party's general policy for the transition period. The framers of the program proposed the principle of "letting tasks lead diciplines" as an effective policy model for planning science and technology. The 12-Year Program consists of 57 research tasks, among which 6 urgent projects such as the nuclear weapon, the missile, computing technology, semiconductor technology, radio electronics, and automatic and long-distance control technology were given high priority. In order to formulate and realize the program, Chinese government took full advantage of domestic institutions, such as Chinese Academy of Sciences, and also got aids from the Soviet Union. Through unremitting efforts, China made great achievements, and completed the 12-Year Program in advance. In fact, the Program helped to fulfil or reinforce very weak fields in new disciplines, fundamental and high technologies, and greatly bridged the gap in science and technology between China and the advanced countries. It really exercised a profound influence upon the Chinese science, technology, national defence, economy and society.

First page

982

Last Page

991

Language

Chinese

Publisher

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

References

樊洪业.中国科学院编年史(1949-1999).上海:上海科技教育出版社, 1999:51, 66.

竺可桢.竺可桢日记Ⅲ.北京:科学出版社, 1989:658.

李富春.李富春致张稼夫谈十二年科研规划方针、方法和内容的信(1956年1月5日).院史资料与研究, 1996, (4):56-57.

周恩来.关于知识分子问题的报告(1956年1月14日)//中共中央文献研究室.建国以来重要文献选编(第8册).北京: 中央文献出版社, 1994: 11-45.

毛泽东.社会主义革命的目的是解放生产力(1956年1月25日)//中共中央文献研究室.建国以来重要文献选编(第8册).北京: 中央文献出版社, 1994: 75-77.

王晓峰.我国第一个科学技术发展远景规划的编制//中共中央党史研究室, 中央档案馆.中共党史资料(第70辑).北京: 中共党史出版社, 1999. 5-8.

刘振坤.张劲夫访谈录(1998年12月10日).院史资料与研究, 1999, (1):1-17.

国务院科学规划委员会.一九五六-一九六七年科学技术发展远景规划纲要(修正草案), //中共中央文献研究室.建国以来重要文献选编(第9册).北京: 中央文献出版社, 1994: 436-540.

李成智.中国航天技术发展史稿(上).济南:山东教育出版社, 2006:55.

毛泽东.论十大关系(1956年4月25日)//中共中央文献研究室.建国以来重要文献选编(第8册).北京: 中央文献出版社, 1994: 243-266.

李真真.吴明瑜访谈录(1996年4月11日).院史资料与研究, 1996, (2):1-44.

何祚庥.钱学森教授与发展科学技术的十二年规划.院史资料与研究, 1992, (3):23-31.

李觉, 雷荣天, 李毅, 等.当代中国的核工业.北京:当代出版社, 1987:11.

Zhang J C, Zhang B C. Founding of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Computing Technology. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 2007, 29(1):16-33.

董光璧.中国近现代科学技术史.长沙:湖南教育出版社, 1995:1274.

聂荣臻.聂荣臻回忆录(下册).北京:解放军出版社, 1984:838.

张柏春, 姚芳, 张久春, 等.苏联技术向中国的转移(1949-1966).济南:山东教育出版社, 2004:175.

白春礼.中国科技的创造与进步.北京:外文出版社, 2018:79-82.

Zhang B C, Zhang J C, Yao F. Technology Transfer from the Soviet Union to the People's Republic of China:1949-1966, Comparative Technology Transfer and Society, 2006, 4(2):105-167.

Download
Request a Copy

Share

COinS